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31.
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy was used to study the segmental (α) and secondary (β) relaxations in hydrogen‐bonded poly(4‐vinylphenol)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PVPh/PMMA) blends with PVPh concentrations of 20–80% and at temperatures from ?30 to approximately glass‐transition temperature (Tg) + 80 °C. Miscible blends were obtained by solution casting from methyl ethyl ketone solution, as confirmed by single differential scanning calorimetry Tg and single segmental relaxation process for each blend. The β relaxation of PMMA maintains similar characteristics in blends with PVPh, compared with neat PMMA. Its relaxation time and activation energy are nearly the same in all blends. Furthermore, the dielectric relaxation strength of PMMA β process in the blends is proportional to the concentration of PMMA, suggesting that blending and intermolecular hydrogen bonding do not modify the local intramolecular motion. The α process, however, represents the segmental motions of both components and becomes slower with increasing PVPh concentration because of the higher Tg. This leads to well‐defined α and β relaxations in the blends above the corresponding Tg, which cannot be reliably resolved in neat PMMA without ambiguous curve deconvolution. The PMMA β process still follows an Arrhenius temperature dependence above Tg, but with an activation energy larger than that observed below Tg because of increased relaxation amplitude. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3405–3415, 2004 相似文献
32.
对用Blumlein电路放电激励的钡蒸气激光在掺氢和不掺氢时的输出特性进行了实验研究.结果表明,用掺氢1.5%的氖气作缓冲气体能使激光功率增加近2倍.在此基础上,进一步比较了相互作用电路与Blumlein电路时钡蒸气激光的输出特性,发现相互作用电路能显著提高钡蒸气激光的输出功率和效率,获得了3W最大功率和0.4%效率的1.5μm波长激光输出.测量并分析了各工作参量与激光功率之间的关系,定性解释了掺氢与相互作用电路的作用机理 .
关键词:
Blumlein电路
相互作用电路
掺氢
钡蒸气激光 相似文献
33.
S. Aravinda N. Shamala Rituparna S. Roy P Balaram 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2003,115(5-6):373-400
An overview of the use of non-protein amino acids in the design of conformationally well-defined peptides, based on work from
the author’s laboratory, is discussed. The crystal structures of several designed oligopeptides illustrate the useα-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) in the construction of helices, D-amino acids in the design of helix termination segments andDPro-Xxx segments for nucleating ofβ-hairpin structures.β- andγ-amino acid residues have been used to expand the range of designed polypeptide structures.
Dedicated to Professor C N R Rao on his 70th birthday 相似文献
34.
Christopher Batchelor-McAuley Craig E Banks Andrew O Simm Timothy G J Jones Richard G Compton 《Chemphyschem》2006,7(5):1081-1085
The benefits of using nanoparticle-modified electrodes are exemplified through the electrochemical detection of protons and/or hydrogen. It is shown that a palladium-nanoparticle-modified boron-doped diamond allows voltammetric information relating to the relative roles played by the surface and the bulk metal to be obtained for the proton-hydrogen system at palladium surfaces which is not accessible using palladium macroelectrodes or microelectrodes. 相似文献
35.
Alain Estve Adeline Bail Georges Landa Ahmed Dkhissi Marie Brut Mehdi Djafari Rouhani Jan Sudor Anne-Marie Gu 《Chemical physics》2007,340(1-3):12-16
Possible collapsed forms of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) molecules are reviewed on the basis of first principle calculations. Various configurations and associated conformations are detailed. The calculated optimized structures exhibit different possibilities of creating networks of intra-molecular bonds of the hydrogen type. We show that the most remarkable one is able to form a local, self-saturated and well ordered helix. We also indicate in which direction the synthesis of the molecule should be oriented to improve its global behavior in term of hydrophobic/hydrophilic behavior. 相似文献
36.
The hyperfine constants for muonium in elemental and binary inorganic solids suggest formation of three different families
of defect centre, with distinct electronic structures. The overall range of values, spanning nearly five orders of magnitude,
and their correlation with host properties such as band gap and electron affinity, reveal a deep-to-shallow instability which
has profound implications for the electrical properties of hydrogen impurity in electronic materials, both semiconducting
and dielectric. 相似文献
37.
Yong LU Hong WANG Ye LIU Ming Yuan HE 《中国化学快报》2006,17(10):1397-1400
Recently, miniature H2 generator to power fuel cells for portable/micro electronic devices and passenger propulsion has been the focus of intense research activities1-3. One of the strategies is to find simple CO-free H2 production with novel microreactor… 相似文献
38.
J. C. Raines J. P. Schmidt J. P. Burelbach H. K. Fauske 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2006,85(1):53-55
Hydrogen
peroxide is a very versatile oxidizing agent, and it is also environmentally
compatible considering that the products of its exothermic decomposition are
oxygen and water.When kept in a clean temperature-controlled environment,
the self-reaction (decomposition) rate is extremely low. However, it is well
known that even a small amount of contamination will dramatically increase
the reaction rate. This paper describes the use of the fast thermal activity
interpreter (FTAI) instrument to examine the chemical reactivity of commercially
available 50% hydrogen peroxide at two different temperatures (30 and 40°C)
both with and without contamination. The results show that at 30°C a small
amount of rust (330 ppm) increases the reaction rate of 50% hydrogen peroxide
by a factor of 50. When the temperature is increased to 40°C, the reaction
rate is further increased by almost a factor of four. The implication for
reactivity management is that at this contamination level most practical vessel
sizes would require emergency venting capability.
An evaluation
was then performed to determine the emergency venting requirement for the
safe transportation or storage of the contaminated hydrogen peroxide. It was
determined that for quantities of the material less than 5 gallons, conventional
breather vents would be sufficient to accommodate the gas evolved. However,
for larger quantities, a safety relief device would be needed. For example,
for a 400-gallon tote bin at 40°C the required minimum vent area is estimated
to be 4.3 in2, corresponding to a minimum vent
diameter of 2.3 inches. 相似文献
39.
A plasma reactor that has a transient traveling arc has been used to study hydrogen in relation to in-flight reduction of metal oxide particles. Experiments were done to determine the nature of the arc and its interaction with the reactor gas. The lifetime of the excited atomic hydrogen was measured and it was found to be more than 4 ms after the arc had ceased. Powders and tablets of oxides were exposed to the pulsed-arc treated hydrogen and found to react much more rapidly and intensely than when exposed to hot molecular hydrogen. The results suggest that atomic hydrogen will exist throughout the volume of such a reactor for a period that is sufficient to reduce particles of FeO, Cr2O3, and TiO2. 相似文献
40.
Piotr Winiarek Juan Carlos Q. Colmenares Elbieta Fedoryska 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2004,81(2):333-339
Transformations of diphenylmethane were investigated in a flow system in the presence of alumina and silica-alumina modified
with boron trifluoride at atmospheric pressure and elevated temperatures. Hydrogen transfer reaction was observed on addition
of tetralin to the substrate stream.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献